Friday, January 18, 2019

Vitamin A Deficiency in Chickens, Vitamin a For Poultry

VITAMIN-A
Vitamin A deficiency is occasionally seen in chickens and turkeys (insufficient vitamin A during 1-7 weeks of age). As in the case of other nutritional deficiencies, classic signs of deficiency are very rare in commercial poultry fed complete diets.
Signs
Poor growth.
Poor feathering.
Nasal and ocular discharge.
Drowsiness.
Pale comb and wattles.
Eyelids stuck shut with thick exudate.
Treatment
Vitamin A in drinking water.
VITAMIN-E
Vitamin E is a fat-soluble vitamin with antioxidant properties.Vitamin E is the most powerful antioxidant vitamin, its prime function is to help scavenge free radicals. … Necessary for the reproductive system, birds before the breeding season supplemented with Vitamin E produce a better fertility.
VITAMIN E DEFICIENCY
The deficiency of vitamin E in poultry is manifested in three different forms: encephalomalacia, muscular dystrophy and exudative diathesis. Each of them is usually encountered independently, although sometimes they occur at a time. Encephalomalacia (crazy chick disease). The signs are associated to the central nervous system lesions. They include ataxia, disequilibrium, falling on the back, frequent movements with the wings, strongly stretched legs (clonic spasms) and twisting of the head. Rarely, torticolis or opisthotonus could be observed.
VITAMIN-AD3
Vitamin D3 is required for proper absorption and utilisation of calcium and phosphorous, which are required for normal growth, bone development, and eggshell formation.
VITAMIN AD3 DEFICIENCY
The vitamin D3 deficiency or lack, or the impaired ratio of calcium and phosphorus result in rachitis in young birds. It is encountered more frequently in industrial poultry breeding where the forages are often inadequately balanced. The deficiency of vitamin D3 and phosphorus are more common in growing birds whereas the calcium deficiency in young or adult layer hens. The newly hatched chickens have depleted calcium stores. The calcium deficiency is rapidly manifested if they do not receive an adequate diet supplement. Clinically and morphologically, soft bones or various degree of bone deformation are determined. The birds usually lie down and their growth is retarded. The diagnosis is based upon the complex evaluation of their age, signs and lesions. The supplementation of vitamin D3 with water or forage and the balancing of Ca/P ratio in the diet contribute to the favourable outcome of the disease.
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